27 Maret 2009

When the Dahlia Blooms at the Forest of Rubber Plant

Dahlia is a name of flower that most women around the world familiarly know and even adore. In an upstream village in Sumatra Island, Indonesia, women make use of “Dahlia” to name a micro credit institution that they manage collectively to support their own daily needs.

Like a flower, the Dahlia micro credit institution— the Independent Community Organization (KSM) Dahlia to be precise— also grew out of a tiny seed. It began when the Indonesia Conservancy Community (KKI) Warsi, a non-government organization (NGO) working on environment conservancy, was implementing its program among the villagers of Lubuk Beringin Village, Jambi Province. From Jakarta, the Capital City of Indonesia, it takes an hour of trip by airplane and about some more five hours of land cruise on rugged country roads through a chain of dense forest of rubber plants.

KKI Warsi itself is the board of Sumatra Sustainable Support (SSS), a community foundation (CF) that later on advocates the forest farmers of Lubuk Beringin, taking over KKI Warsi’s role in the past. Through an Integrated Conservancy Development Project of Kerinci Seblat National Park (ICDP TNKS) from 1990 to 2002, KKI Warsi advocated the forest villagers— females and males— to empower and develop the village institution to improve the villagers’ economy and to manage the natural sources in sustainable way.

KKI Warsi facilitated the women, all of them are Muslims, to have a meeting on Fridays. They began with religious learning, and then went on with a lottery with equal share from every member who took turn to become the winner of the lottery. “The activity in August 2000,” recalled Rudy Syaf, KKI Warsi’s advisor.

At every meeting, each Dahlia woman is obliged to submit IDR 2,000— IDR 1,000 for lottery share and the other IDR 1,000 to be collected for the needs to support the religious learning. In the long run the women eventually managed to develop a credit union that they had been longing for. They began with collecting private funds of IDR 6,000 a person— IDR 5,000 as main share and IDR 1,000 as monthly saving.

“By mid 2001 the members of the group could demand a credit at most IDR 100,000 that they should pay off within 10 months,” said Nur Asiah, chairwoman of Dahlia.

Nur Asiah and her fellow women of Dahlia can wear a broader smile now. Since they have a credit union to support their own need, they can find a new source of finance which is quite easily for them to access, especially when they are faced with unexpected expenses.

Things had been quite different from the time when Dahlia was not yet established. In the past the forest farmers depended on traders of rubber, some still do, for money for the traders’ advantages. “But now we can find alternative financial resource, thanks to the credit union. Sure, we’re glad to see the credit union develops well, considering the fact that the idea sprung casually among us the women when we were doing the laundry at the stream,” said Nur Asiah.

Dahlia is now improving every aspects of its capacity to become a cooperative with a more powerful legal status. While the process is on its way, the village farmers develop a credit union where the members can have some loans, run a rental of items that people need when they have party, home industry of handy crafts, and productive gardens. Each year Dahlia holds an annual meeting of members, the highest council and a forum where the members distribute the net profit among them.

“We distribute some portions of the net profit among our members, spend some others for new investment, and save the rests for the village for conservancy operation cost. We always persuade our fellow villagers to give more care for the environment,” said Muhammad Jufrie, a facilitator for Dahlia and an agent of the village administration.

Lubuk Beringin is an independent village and the villagers find supplies of their livelihood from the surrounding natural resources. They mostly make th eir livings from the rubber plants which grow lavishly at the vast forestland around them. They also have a power plant of micro hydro that they build at a river nearby. “If the environment is destroyed, the forest degraded, we won’t be able to see the turbine going round anymore, and what we’ll find is that we’ll live in the dark,” said Jufrie.

Dahlia now owns total asset of IDR 200 millions. What is more, it has also developed to become a backbone of the village’s economy. But the villagers do not want to stop and get satisfied with what the have achieved. “We’re still keep trying to find ways to sell the raw rubber directly to the factories so as that we can have better values and cut short the complicated distribution chain,” said Nur Asiah.

Like a flower, Dahlia from the dense forest of rubber plant at Lubuk Beringin has now been growing full bloom.



sumber : asep.wordpress.com
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About Mandriva

Mandriva, formerly known as Mandrakesoft, is the publisher of Mandriva Linux, an easy-to-use and innovative operating system. It is one of the most popular Linux editions in the world. Dedicated to making open source technologies accessible to all users, the company offers a full range of products and services to individuals, enterprises and government organizations. Mandriva products are available online in 80 languages and in more than 140 countries through dedicated channels. Headquartered in Paris, France, the company is publicly traded on the Euronext Marché Libre.
More information at: http://www.mandriva.com

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24 Maret 2009

Linus Torvalds Bio

About Linus Torvalds

Official Portrait

Early Life

Linus Torvalds was born on December 28, 1969 in Helsinki, Finland. He is the son of Nils and Anna Torvalds. Both parents pursued careers in journalism. Linus took an early interest in computers mainly through the influence of his maternal grandfather. He excelled in math in secondary school. Linus and his family are part of a minority in Finland whose first language is not Finnish but Swedish, a fact which is not widely known. For this reason, early references to his pronunciation of Linux in Swedish were not understood or often cited as an error.

University Student

Linus Torvalds enrolled at the University of Helsinki in 1988 where he studied computer science. After buying a PC with an Intel 386 CPU, he began using Minix, an Unix-inspired operating system created by Andrew Tannenbaum for use as a teaching tool. Linus was not impressed with the system in general and in particular he lamented its inability to do terminal emulation, which he needed so he could connect to the university's computers. Linus decided to do the terminal emulation program himself, independently of Minix. These were the first steps toward creating Linux.

Linux Development

Linus quickly developed the terminal emulation program and it was sufficient for his needs for a while. However, Linus began thinking that it would be nice to be able to do other things with it like tranferring and saving files. This is where Linux was really born. Originally, Linus wanted to name his creation 'Freax' (pronounced like the English word freaks). He changed it to Linux at the prompting of a friend. In August, 1991, Linus announced on Usenet that he was working on this operating system:
From: torvalds@klaava.Helsinki.FI (Linus Benedict Torvalds)
Newsgroups: comp.os.minix
Subject: What would you like to see most in minix?
Summary: small poll for my new operating system
Message-ID: <1991aug25.205708.9541@klaava.helsinki.fi>
Date: 25 Aug 91 20:57:08 GMT
Organization: University of Helsinki


Hello everybody out there using minix -

I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and
professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. This has been brewing
since april, and is starting to get ready. I'd like any feedback on
things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it somewhat
(same physical layout of the file-system (due to practical reasons)
among other things).

I've currently ported bash(1.08) and gcc(1.40), and things seem to work.
This implies that I'll get something practical within a few months, and
I'd like to know what features most people would want. Any suggestions
are welcome, but I won't promise I'll implement them :-)

Linus (torvalds@kruuna.helsinki.fi)

PS. Yes - it's free of any minix code, and it has a multi-threaded fs.
It is NOT protable (uses 386 task switching etc), and it probably never
will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as that's all I have :-(.

Linus uploaded the first version of Linux, version 0.01 in September of 1991. Then Linux belonged to the world.

Marriage and a Family

In 1993, Linus was teaching an introductory computer course at the University of Helsinki. A young woman in the class named Tove Monni emailed him and asked him out on a date. She would later become his wife. Tove and Linus went on to have three daughters, Patricia, Miranda and Daniela.

To the USA and Transmeta

In late 1996 Linus accepted an invitation to visit the California headquarters of Transmeta, a start-up company in the first stages of designing an energy saving CPU. Linus was intrigued by their work and in early 1997 he accepted a position at Transmeta and moved to California with his family. Along with his work for Transmeta, Linus continued to oversee kernel development.

Open Source Development Laboratory

In June of 2003, Linus left Transmeta in order to focus exclusively on the Linux kernel and began to work under the auspices of the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) a consortium formed by high-tech companies which include IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, AMD, RedHat, Novell and many others. The purpose of the consortium is to promote Linux development. OSDL merged with The Free Standards Group in January 2007 to become The Linux Foundation.

From : www.linux.org
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Linux

Linux is an operating system that was initially created as a hobby by a young student, Linus Torvalds, at the University of Helsinki in Finland. Linus had an interest in Minix, a small UNIX system, and decided to develop a system that exceeded the Minix standards. He began his work in 1991 when he released version 0.02 and worked steadily until 1994 when version 1.0 of the Linux Kernel was released. The kernel, at the heart of all Linux systems, is developed and released under the GNU General Public License and its source code is freely available to everyone. It is this kernel that forms the base around which a Linux operating system is developed. There are now literally hundreds of companies and organizations and an equal number of individuals that have released their own versions of operating systems based on the Linux kernel. More information on the kernel can be found at our sister site, LinuxHQ and at the official Linux Kernel Archives. The current full-featured version is 2.6 (released December 2003) and development continues.

Apart from the fact that it's freely distributed, Linux's functionality, adaptability and robustness, has made it the main alternative for proprietary Unix and Microsoft operating systems. IBM, Hewlett-Packard and other giants of the computing world have embraced Linux and support its ongoing development. Well into its second decade of existence, Linux has been adopted worldwide primarily as a server platform. Its use as a home and office desktop operating system is also on the rise. The operating system can also be incorporated directly into microchips in a process called "embedding" and is increasingly being used this way in appliances and devices.

Throughout most of the 1990's, tech pundits, largely unaware of Linux's potential, dismissed it as a computer hobbyist project, unsuitable for the general public's computing needs. Through the efforts of developers of desktop management systems such as KDE and GNOME, office suite project OpenOffice.org and the Mozilla web browser project, to name only a few, there are now a wide range of applications that run on Linux and it can be used by anyone regardless of his/her knowledge of computers. Those curious to see the capabilities of Linux can download a live CD version called Knoppix . It comes with everything you might need to carry out day-to-day tasks on the computer and it needs no installation. It will run from a CD in a computer capable of booting from the CD drive. Those choosing to continue using Linux can find a variety of versions or "distributions" of Linux that are easy to install, configure and use. Information on these products is available in our distribution section and can be found by selecting the mainstream/general public category.


www.linux.org

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Cinderella

ONCE there was a gentleman who married, for his second wife, the proudest and most haughty woman that was ever seen. She had, by a former husband, two daughters of her own humor, who were, indeed, exactly like her in all things. He had likewise, by another wife, a young daughter, but of unparalleled goodness and sweetness of temper, which she took from her mother, who was the best creature in the world.

No sooner were the ceremonies of the wedding over but the mother-in-law began to show herself in her true colors. She could not bear the good qualities of this pretty girl, and the less because they made her own daughters appear the more odious. She employed her in the meanest work of the house: she scoured the dishes, tables, etc., and scrubbed madam's chamber, and those of misses, her daughters; she lay up in a sorry garret, upon a wretched straw bed, while her sisters lay in fine rooms, with floors all inlaid, upon beds of the very newest fashion, and where they had looking-glasses so large that they might see themselves at their full length from head to foot.

The poor girl bore all patiently, and dared not tell her father, who would have rattled her off; for his wife governed him entirely. When she had done her work, she used to go into the chimney-corner, and sit down among cinders and ashes, which made her commonly be called Cinderwench; but the youngest, who was not so rude and uncivil as the eldest, called her Cinderella. However, Cinderella, notwithstanding her mean apparel, was a hundred times handsomer than her sisters, though they were always dressed very richly.

It happened that the King's son gave a ball, and invited all persons of fashion to it. Our young misses were also invited, for they cut a very grand figure among the quality. They were mightily delighted at this invitation, and wonderfully busy in choosing out such gowns, petticoats, and head-clothes as might become them. This was a new trouble to Cinderella; for it was she who ironed her sisters' linen, and plaited their ruffles; they talked all day long of nothing but how they should be dressed.

"For my part," said the eldest, "I will wear my red velvet suit with French trimming."

"And I," said the youngest, "shall have my usual petticoat; but then, to make amends for that, I will put on my gold-flowered manteau, and my diamond stomacher, which is far from being the most ordinary one in the world."
They sent for the best tire-woman they could get to make up their head-dresses and adjust their double pinners, and they had their red brushes and patches from Mademoiselle de la Poche.

Cinderella was likewise called up to them to be consulted in all these matters, for she had excellent notions, and advised them always for the best, nay, and offered her services to dress their heads, which they were very willing she should do. As she was doing this, they said to her:

"Cinderella, would you not be glad to go to the ball?"

"Alas!" said she, "you only jeer me; it is not for such as I am to go thither."
"Thou art in the right of it," replied they; "it would make the people laugh to see a Cinderwench at a ball."

Anyone but Cinderella would have dressed their heads awry, but she was very good, and dressed them perfectly well They were almost two days without eating, so much were they transported with joy. They broke above a dozen laces in trying to be laced up close, that they might have a fine slender shape, and they were continually at their looking-glass. At last the happy day came; they went to Court, and Cinderella followed them with her eyes as long as she could, and when she had lost sight of them, she fell a-crying.

Her godmother, who saw her all in tears, asked her what was the matter.
"I wish I could--I wish I could--"; she was not able to speak the rest, being interrupted by her tears and sobbing.

This godmother of hers, who was a fairy, said to her, "Thou wishest thou couldst go to the ball; is it not so?"

"Y--es," cried Cinderella, with a great sigh.

"Well," said her godmother, "be but a good girl, and I will contrive that thou shalt go." Then she took her into her chamber, and said to her, "Run into the garden, and bring me a pumpkin."

Cinderella went immediately to gather the finest she could get, and brought it to her godmother, not being able to imagine how this pumpkin could make her go to the ball. Her godmother scooped out all the inside of it, having left nothing but the rind; which done, she struck it with her wand, and the pumpkin was instantly turned into a fine coach, gilded all over with gold.

She then went to look into her mouse-trap, where she found six mice, all alive, and ordered Cinderella to lift up a little the trapdoor, when, giving each mouse, as it went out, a little tap with her wand, the mouse was that moment turned into a fine horse, which altogether made a very fine set of six horses of a beautiful mouse-colored dapple-gray. Being at a loss for a coachman,

"I will go and see," says Cinderella, "if there is never a rat in the rat-trap--we may make a coachman of him."

"Thou art in the right," replied her godmother; "go and look."

Cinderella brought the trap to her, and in it there were three huge rats. The fairy made choice of one of the three which had the largest beard, and, having touched him with her wand, he was turned into a fat, jolly coach- man, who had the smartest whiskers eyes ever beheld. After that, she said to her:

"Go again into the garden, and you will find six lizards behind the watering-pot, bring them to me."

She had no sooner done so but her godmother turned them into six footmen, who skipped up immediately behind the coach, with their liveries all bedaubed with gold and silver, and clung as close behind each other as if they had done nothing else their whole lives. The Fairy then said to Cinderella: "Well, you see here an equipage fit to go to the ball with; are you not pleased with it?"

"Oh! yes," cried she; "but must I go thither as I am, in these nasty rags?"

Her godmother only just touched her with her wand, and, at the same instant, her clothes were turned into cloth of gold and silver, all beset with jewels. This done, she gave her a pair of glass slippers, the prettiest in the whole world. Being thus decked out, she got up into her coach; but her godmother, above all things, commanded her not to stay till after midnight, telling her, at the same time, that if she stayed one moment longer, the coach would be a pumpkin again, her horses mice, her coachman a rat, her footmen lizards, and her clothes become just as they were before.

She promised her godmother she would not fail of leaving the ball before midnight; and then away she drives, scarce able to contain herself for joy. The King's son who was told that a great princess, whom nobody knew, was come, ran out to receive her; he gave her his hand as she alighted out of the coach, and led her into the ball, among all the company. There was immediately a profound silence, they left off dancing, and the violins ceased to play, so attentive was everyone to contemplate the singular beauties of the unknown new-comer. Nothing was then heard but a confused noise of:

"Ha! how handsome she is! Ha! how handsome she is!"

The King himself, old as he was, could not help watching her, and telling the Queen softly that it was a long time since he had seen so beautiful and lovely a creature.

All the ladies were busied in considering her clothes and headdress, that they might have some made next day after the same pattern, provided they could meet with such fine material and as able hands to make them.

The King's son conducted her to the most honorable seat, and afterward took her out to dance with him; she danced so very gracefully that they all more and more admired her. A fine collation was served up, whereof the young prince ate not a morsel, so intently was he busied in gazing on her.

She went and sat down by her sisters, showing them a thousand civilities, giving them part of the oranges and citrons which the Prince had presented her with, which very much surprised them, for they did not know her. While Cinderella was thus amusing her sisters, she heard the clock strike eleven and three-quarters, whereupon she immediately made a courtesy to the company and hasted away as fast as she could.

When she got home she ran to seek out her godmother, and, after having thanked her, she said she could not but heartily wish she might go next day to the ball, because the King's son had desired her.

As she was eagerly telling her godmother whatever had passed at the ball, her two sisters knocked at the door, which Cinderella ran and opened.

"How long you have stayed!" cried she, gaping, rubbing her eyes and stretching herself as if she had been just waked out of her sleep; she had not, however, any manner of inclination to sleep since they went from home.

"If thou hadst been at the ball," said one of her sisters, "thou wouldst not have been tired with it. There came thither the finest princess, the most beautiful ever was seen with mortal eyes; she showed us a thousand civilities, and gave us oranges and citrons."

Cinderella seemed very indifferent in the matter; indeed, she asked them the name of that princess; but they told her they did not know it, and that the King's son was very uneasy on her account and would give all the world to know who she was. At this Cinderella, smiling, replied:

"She must, then, be very beautiful indeed; how happy you have been! Could not I see her? Ah! dear Miss Charlotte, do lend me your yellow suit of clothes which you wear every day."

"Ay, to be sure!" cried Miss Charlotte; "lend my clothes to such a dirty Cinderwench as thou art! I should be a fool."

Cinderella, indeed, expected well such answer, and was very glad of the refusal; for she would have been sadly put to it if her sister had lent her what she asked for jestingly.

The next day the two sisters were at the ball, and so was Cinderella, but dressed more magnificently than before. The King's son was always by her, and never ceased his compliments and kind speeches to her; to whom all this was so far from being tiresome that she quite forgot what her godmother had recommended to her; so that she, at last, counted the clock striking twelve when she took it to be no more than eleven; she then rose up and fled, as nimble as a deer. The Prince followed, but could not overtake her. She left behind one of her glass slippers, which the Prince took up most carefully. She got home but quite out of breath, and in her nasty old clothes, having nothing left her of all her finery but one of the little slippers, fellow to that she dropped. The guards at the palace gate were asked:

If they had not seen a princess go out.

Who said: They had seen nobody go out but a young girl, very meanly dressed, and who had more the air of a poor country wench than a gentlewoman.

When the two sisters returned from the ball Cinderella asked them: If they had been well diverted, and if the fine lady had been there.

They told her: Yes, but that she hurried away immediately when it struck twelve, and with so much haste that she dropped one of her little glass slippers, the prettiest in the world, which the King's son had taken up; that he had done nothing but look at her all the time at the ball, and that most certainly he was very much in love with the beautiful person who owned the glass slipper.

What they said was very true; for a few days after the King's son caused it to be proclaimed, by sound of trumpet, that he would marry her whose foot the slipper would just fit. They whom he employed began to try it upon the princesses, then the duchesses and all the Court, but in vain; it was brought to the two sisters, who did all they possibly could to thrust their foot into the slipper, but they could not effect it. Cinderella, who saw all this, and knew her slipper, said to them, laughing:

"Let me see if it will not fit me."

Her sisters burst out a-laughing, and began to banter her. The gentleman who was sent to try the slipper looked earnestly at Cinderella, and, finding her very handsome, said:

It was but just that she should try, and that he had orders to let everyone make trial.

He obliged Cinderella to sit down, and, putting the slipper to her foot, he found it went on very easily, and fitted her as if it had been made of wax. The astonishment her two sisters were in was excessively great, but still abundantly greater when Cinderella pulled out of her pocket the other slipper, and put it on her foot. Thereupon, in came her godmother, who, having touched with her wand Cinderella's clothes, made them richer and more magnificent than any of those she had before.

And now her two sisters found her to be that fine, beautiful lady whom they had seen at the ball. They threw themselves at her feet to beg pardon for all the ill- treatment they had made her undergo. Cinderella took them up, and, as she embraced them, cried:

That she forgave them with all her heart, and desired them always to love her.

She was conducted to the young prince, dressed as she was; he thought her more charming than ever, and, a few days after, married her. Cinderella, who was no less good than beautiful, gave her two sisters lodgings in the palace.

Sumber: http://www.dongengkakrico.com

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English Poetry

ONE DAY LATER

One day later
My body will die
But in the distich of this poem
I wouldn’t acquiesce you alone

One day later
My voice wouldn’t be heard again
Yet among rows of this poem
I will steadfast investigate you

One day later
My vision will be unrecognized again
Yet, in the letter cracks of this poem
I’ll look for you forever




THE RAIN IN JUNE


Nobody resolute
Rather than the rain in June
Its yearning-drizzle is hidden
To the tree which has bloom

Nobody wise
Rather than the rain in June
His footprints is erased
Which hesitant in the way

Nobody skillful
Rather than the rain in June
The unspoken thing is ignored
Absorbed by the root of the flower tree


By : Sapardi Djoko Darmono
from: http://jasmansyah-faiz.blogspot.com/
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20 Maret 2009

Kaspersky key

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13 Maret 2009

Praktikum Sistem Digital

Maaf dokumennya saya upload di Scribd
Modul
Laporan Sementara
Cover
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10 Maret 2009

Perintah Dasar di Linux

Anda bisa menjalankan Perintah Dasar di Linux dengan memakai konsole , berikut beberapa contoh penggunaannya :


*melihat penggunaan perintah dasar --> #man
contoh : #man ls #man mv #man scp #man rm
*menampilkan file --> #ls
contoh : #ls -a #ls-la #ls -l #ls -h
*menampilkan isi file perlayar --> #less
contoh : #less catatan.sh
*menampilkan isi file perlayar % --> #more
contoh : #more catatan.sh
*menampilkan isi file paling atas --> #head
contoh : #head catatan.sh
*menampilkan isi file paling bawah --> #tail
contoh : #tail catatan.sh
*membuat direktori baru --> #mkdir
contoh : #mkdir laporan
*membuat direktori sekaligus beserta turunannya
contoh : #mkdir -p laporan/juli/2007
*menghapus direktori --> #rmdir
contoh : #rmdir laporan
*menghapus direktori sekaligus beserta turunannya
contoh : #rm -rf laporan
*memindahkan file --> #mv
contoh : #mv catatan.sh /home/denot
*mengganti / merubah nama file --> #mv
contoh : #mv catatan.sh tulisan.sh
*menyalin / mengcopy file --> #cp
contoh : #cp catatan.sh /home/denot
*menyalin / mengcopy folder --> #cp -rf
contoh : #cp -rf laporan /home/denot
*menyalin / copy file dijaringan --> #scp
contoh : #scp boneka.jpg 192.168.0.20:/home/nisa
*menyalin / copy folder dijaringan --> #scp -r
contoh : #scp -r laporan 192.168.0.20:/home/nisa
*melihat kapasitas memori yang dipakai --> #du
contoh : #du -h gambar.jpg
*merubah direktori aktif --> #cd
absolute path [nama direktori]
contoh : #cd laporan
relative path ../../../
contoh : #cd laporan/juli/2007
*membuat file baru (file kosong) --> #touch
contoh : #touch coba1
buat sekaligus #touch coba1 coba2 coba3
*menuliskan kedalam file --> #echo
contoh : #echo "nama saya" >> /dataku/catatan.sh
*menampilkan isi file --> #cat
contoh : #cat /home/deni/catatan.sh
*mengedit file (editor) --> #vi
contoh : #vi catatan.sh
*melihat partisi lengkap pada pc --> #fdisk -l
contoh : #fdisk -l
*melihat isi harddisk yg masih kosong --> #df -k
contoh : #df -k /dev/hda1
*men-Scandisk Harddisk --> #fsck
contoh : #fsck /dev/hda2
*melihat total memori yang dipakai --> #free
contoh : #free
*melihat direktori dimana kita bekerja --> #pwd
contoh : #pwd
*kompres file --> #gzip
contoh : #gzip -c test.txt > test.gz
*extract file kompres --> #gunzip
contoh : #gunzip test.gz
*kompres file --> #tar -czf #tar -czf
contoh : #tar -czf denot.tar.gz denot
( bz2 ): #tar -czf denot.tar.bz2 denot
*Extract file kompres --> #tar -xzvf #tar -xjvf
contoh : #tar -xzvf denot.tar.gz
( bz2 ): #tar -xjvf denot.tar.bz2
*membaca file format pdf --> #xpdf
contoh : #xpdf brosur.pdf
*remote pc lain di jaringan --> #ssh
contoh : #ssh root@192.168.0.20
*melihat ip address yang dipakai --> #ifconfig
contoh : #ifconfig eth0
*menginstall file rpm --> #rpm -ivh
contoh : #rpm -ivh ifolder3-server.i586.rpm
*mengupgrade file rpm --> #rpm -Uvh
contoh : #rpm -Uvh ifolder3-server.i586.rpm
*menghapus file rpm --> #rpm -e
contoh : #rpm -e ifolder3-server.i586.rpm
*melihat file rpm yang sudah terinstall --> #rpm -qa
contoh : #rpm -qa |grep xmms
*mounting media baru --> #mount
contoh : #mount /dev/sda /mnt/flashdisk
*melihat proses yang sedang berjalan --> #ps
contoh : #ps axf
*mendownload file di internet --> #wget
contoh : #wget -t0 -cb [nama file download] -O var/temp
*menampilkan routing table --> #route
contoh : #route -n
*membuat link file (shortcut) --> #ln
contoh : #ln -s linux-2.6.17.12 linux
*merubah kepemilikan --> #chmod
contoh : #chmod 777 /data/share
*menambahkan user --> #useradd
contoh : #useradd denok
*menambahkan password --> #passwd
contoh : #passwd denok
*mengunci password --> #passwd -l
contoh : #passwd -l denok
*membuka kunci password --> #passwd -u
contoh : #passwd -u denok
*membypass password --> #passwd -d
contoh : #passwd -d denok
*menghapus user --> #userdel
contoh : #userdel denok
*menambahkan group --> #groupadd
contoh : #groupadd suse
*menghapus group --> #groupdel
contoh : #groupdel suse
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Cara Instal Software Windows di Open Suse


Buat anda yang bingung untuk pake software kesayangannya, setelah dimigrasi dari microsoft windows ke Linux Open Suse, sekarang tidak usah khawatir, karena anda bisa menjalankan software kesayangan di windows seperti Adobe Photoshop, Dreamweaver MX, atau Microsoft Project (punya si abang Gates) pada komputer linux OpenSuse anda dengan bantuan software CrossOver Profesional versi 6, berikut adalah cara installasi dan menggunakannya :


Download file instalasi crossover dari internet yaitu file crossover-pro-6.0.0-1.i386.rpm , setelah itu masuk ke terminal dalam posisi # (root) kemudian ketikan perintah install yaitu : #rpm -ivh crossover-pro-6.0.0-1.i386.rpm , tunggulah sesaat software dalam proses penginstallan sampai 100% (success) , setelah teristall maka akan mucul pada K-menu anda menu software CrossOver, silahkan anda buka pada menu Install Windows Software untuk menginstall program software kesayangan anda, adapun software windows yang didukung langsung oleh crossover-pro-6.0.0-1. adalah :
- Adobe Framemaker 7.1
- Adobe Photoshop 7.0
- Cortona VRML Client
- Dreamweaver MX
- End Note 8.0
- Flash Player
- Lotus Notes 6.5.1
- Microsoft Office Xp
- Microsoft Project 2003
- Microsoft Visio 2003
- Microsoft Internet 6.0
dan masih banyak lagi.... bahkan game microsoftpun bisa diinstall .

langkah penginstallannya sebagai berikut :
dari K-Menu pilih menu CrossOver kemudian pilih menu Install Windows Software, tunggulah maka akan muncul jendela CrossOver Installation wizard pada menu install mode pilih Express Mode (Recommended) kemudian tekan Next, kemudian pada installer file berikan file yang akan diinstall dengan cara browse file untuk mencari dimana letak file setup yang anda simpan pada harrddisk anda, contoh : setup.exe lalu klik open kemudian tekan Next, setelah itu lakukan seperti anda menginstall software tersebut pada windows xp, setelah selesai proses instalation tunggulah crossover akan membuat simulasi restarting seperti pada windows, setelah selesai anda sekarang bisa memakai software kesayangan anda....silahkan buka di K-Menu pilih windows aplications pilih programs kemudian pilih program yang baru anda install tadi....
mudah khan ...!!!

jika anda akan menginstall software aplikasi windows yang tidak ada / belum didukung dalam daftar menu softwaare crossover-pro-6.0.0-1 tadi, pada saat menginstall pada menu CrossOver Installation wizard pada menu install Software pilih install unsupported software kemudian pilih Next, pilih Next lagi, kemudian pada menu Select Product location pilih Other *.exe file kemudian click tombol Browse untuk mencari file exe tersebut kemudian tekan Next, berikan nama untuk bottle, kemudiann ikuti cara menginstall seperti anda biasa menginstall di windows xp sampai selesai.....

" Silahkan menikmati....!! "
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Cara install Virtual Box di Open Suse

Ambil instaler VirtualBox-1.6.4_33808_openSUSE103-1.i586.rpm
di http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
versi Binaries saja, bukan yang OSE (Open Source Edition).

instalasi akan meminta dependencies pam-devel
install saja di YAST - Software Management -
pada kolom search ketik pam-devel
pilih dengan memberikan tanda centang lalu tekan accept,
biarkan proses instalasi berlangsung.

kemudian lakukan instalasi :
#rpm -ivh VirtualBox-1.6.4_33808_openSUSE103-1.i586.rpm
tunggulah hingga instalasi selesai (100%)

Setelah terinstall, pastikan user login anda masuk ke dalam grup vboxusers.
Terus lihat pula Group ID (GID) dari vboxusers tadi. Kemudian tulis baris berikut ini dalam
/etc/fstab baris paling akhir.

none /proc/bus/usb usbfs devgid=XXX, devmode=664 0 0

dimana XXX adalah GID tadi. Hal ini perlu untuk menjalankan VirtualBox itu sendiri, dan agar port USB dapat diakses oleh Guest OS yang dipasang.

Restart OpenSuSE 10.3 ......!!!

kemudian buka virtual boxnya pada K-menu - System - pilih Sun xVM VirtualBox

setelah muncul tampilan menu Sun xVM VirtualBox
pilih saja New untuk membuat baru.
akan tampil menu halaman Welcome to the new Virtual Machine wizard!
tekan saja tombol Next.
akan ditanyakan nama mesin virtual dan tipe sistem operasi.
isi saja pada kolom nama misal : windowsku
kemudian pilih sistem operasinya misal : windows XP
tekan saja tombol Next.
pada menu memory atur memory yang dibutuhkan
atau tekan saja tombol Next untuk standard
pada menu virtual harddisk
pilih New lalu tekan Next untuk membuat virtual harddisk wizard!
pada menu Image Type pilih saja
Dynamically Expanding image
lalu atur image size yang diinginkan
kemudian akhiri dengan tombol finish.

setelah itu akan muncul virtual machine dengan nama windowsku
lalu pilih virtual machine tadi lalu tekan tanda start.

pesan error akan muncul
anda diminta melakukan /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup

setup akan meminta dependencies gcc dan kernel-source
install saja di YAST - Software Management -
pada kolom search ketik gcc
pilih dengan memberikan tanda centang lalu tekan accept,
biarkan proses instalasi berlangsung.
begitu juga dengan intall kernel-source

lalu jalankan perintah tadi seperti dibawah ini pada konsole (#root):

linux-denot:~ # /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup
Stopping VirtualBox kernel module done
Recompiling VirtualBox kernel module done
Starting VirtualBox kernel module done
linux-denot:~ #

jika terlihat seperti diatas maka sudah berhasil.

kembali ke menu Sun xVM VirtualBox
tekan tombol setings untuk melakukan setting yang diperlukan pada menu Sun xVM VirtualBox tadi

sekarang tinggal di install dech windows XP nya seperti biasa.

terus install dech software yang dibutuhkan seperti AutoCAD .. dll.

selamat mencoba....!!!
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Opensuse

http://tuma.vlsm.org/pub/opensuse/11.0/iso/cd/
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